FERRO E LIGAS DE FERRO – MATERIAIS BIODEGRADÁVEIS PARA USO COMO BIOMATERIAIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22169/cadernointer.v14n53.3678Resumo
O objetivo geral deste estudo foi fazer uma revisão bibliográfica das diversas ligas metálicas que são aplicadas para uso como biomateriais, focando nas ligas biodegradáveis a base de ferro usadas como biomateriais e os diversos tratamentos de superfície propostos nas últimas décadas para melhorar a biocompatibilidade e taxas de corrosão. A metodologia utilizada foi revisão da literatura com pesquisas realizadas em diversas bases de dados como Google Acadêmico, Science Direct e SciELO. A seleção abrangeu artigos científicos, monografias, dissertações e teses em português e inglês. A busca teve como foco as publicações nos últimos 20 anos, no entanto, informações relevantes em publicações anteriores não foram excluídas. As publicações selecionadas incluíram estudos ligados ao ferro e suas ligas utilizadas como biomateriais e aos tratamentos de superfícies nesses metais. Dentro da Pesquisa Bibliográfica foi possível revisar os biomateriais metálicos, as ligas a base de ferro utilizadas como biomateriais biodegradáveis e os tratamentos de superfície para melhorar a biocompatibilidade e taxa de corrosão. Concluiu-se que existem diversos tipos de metais utilizados como biomateriais e que atualmente as pesquisas se voltam para o estudo em metais que tenham a capacidade de se degradar em ambientes fisiológicos como o ferro e suas ligas, e que os tratamentos de superfície nesses metais melhoram sua taxa de corrosão.
Palavras-chave: ferro puro; ligas de ferro; tratamentos superfícies; biomateriais.
Abstract
The general objective of this study was to conduct a literature review of various metallic alloys applied for use as biomaterials, focusing on iron-based biodegradable alloys used as biomaterials and the various surface treatments proposed in recent decades to improve biocompatibility and corrosion rates. The methodology used was a literature review with searches conducted in several databases such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, and SciELO. The selection included scientific articles, monographs, dissertations, and theses in Portuguese and English. The search focused on publications from the last 20 years; however, relevant information from earlier publications was not excluded. The selected publications included studies related to iron and its alloys used as biomaterials and surface treatments applied to these metals. Through bibliographic research, it was possible to review metallic biomaterials, iron-based alloys used as biodegradable biomaterials, and surface treatments aimed at improving biocompatibility and corrosion rate. The study concluded that there are several types of metals used as biomaterials and that current research focuses on metals capable of degrading in physiological environments, such as iron and its alloys, and that surface treatments improve their corrosion rate.
Keywords: pure iron; iron alloys; surface treatments; biomaterials.
Resumen
El objetivo general de este estudio fue realizar una revisión bibliográfica de las diversas aleaciones metálicas aplicadas como biomateriales, enfocándose en las aleaciones biodegradables a base de hierro utilizadas como biomateriales y en los diversos tratamientos superficiales propuestos en las últimas décadas para mejorar la biocompatibilidad y las tasas de corrosión. La metodología utilizada fue la revisión de literatura con búsquedas realizadas en diversas bases de datos como Google Académico, Science Direct y SciELO. La selección incluyó artículos científicos, monografías, disertaciones y tesis en portugués e inglés. La búsqueda se centró en publicaciones de los últimos 20 años, sin excluir información relevante de publicaciones anteriores. Las publicaciones seleccionadas incluyeron estudios relacionados con el hierro y sus aleaciones utilizadas como biomateriales, así como los tratamientos superficiales aplicados a estos metales. Dentro de la revisión bibliográfica fue posible analizar los biomateriales metálicos, las aleaciones de hierro utilizadas como biomateriales biodegradables y los tratamientos de superficie para mejorar la biocompatibilidad y la tasa de corrosión. Se concluyó que existen diversos tipos de metales utilizados como biomateriales y que actualmente las investigaciones se centran en el estudio de metales con capacidad de degradarse en ambientes fisiológicos, como el hierro y sus aleaciones, y que los tratamientos superficiales mejoran su tasa de corrosión.
Palabras clave: hierro puro; aleaciones de hierro; tratamientos superficiales; biomateriales.
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